Imaging Biomarkers in Systemic Disease: Quantitative Radiology and Precision Medicine in Clinical Practice
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64784/220Keywords:
Imaging biomarkers, radiomics, precision medicine, oncology imaging, molecular imaging, artificial intelligence, systemic diseases, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, computed tomography, quantitative imaging, clinical decision-making, tumor heterogeneity, internal medicine, hybrid imagingAbstract
Imaging biomarkers have progressively transformed modern radiology by providing quantitative, functional, and molecular information capable of improving early disease detection, diagnostic precision, therapeutic monitoring, and clinical decision-making in systemic diseases. The present review aimed to analyze the current role of imaging biomarkers in oncology and internal medicine, emphasizing their contribution to precision medicine and multidisciplinary healthcare management. A structured documentary review was conducted using peer-reviewed scientific literature indexed in internationally recognized databases, including PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and SpringerLink. The analyzed evidence focused on advanced imaging modalities such as computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, hybrid imaging systems, radiomics, and artificial intelligence-assisted imaging analysis. The reviewed studies demonstrated that imaging biomarkers possess broad applicability in oncology, neurological disorders, cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory conditions, chronic hepatic disease, pulmonary pathology, and metabolic disorders. Functional and molecular imaging techniques showed particular relevance for evaluating metabolism, tissue perfusion, angiogenesis, fibrosis, inflammation, cellular density, and tumor heterogeneity. Radiomics and artificial intelligence were identified as emerging technologies capable of improving predictive analysis, treatment response assessment, and individualized therapeutic planning.
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